Gemäß den vom Betriebsbüro der nationalen Entwicklungs- und Reformkommission veröffentlichten Daten betrug die nationale Rohstahlproduktion 1032,79 Millionen Tonnen in 2021, einem Jahr-auf{ {4}}Jahresrückgang von 3 Prozent und ein Jahr-gegenüber-Jahresanstieg von 5,2 Prozent im Jahr 2020; Die Stahlproduktion belief sich auf 1336,67 Millionen Tonnen, mit einem Anstieg von-im-Jahr um 0,6 Prozent, und die Wachstumsrate ging um 7,1 Prozentpunkte im Vergleich zum-Jahr-Jahr zurück. Die Koksproduktion belief sich 2020 auf 464,46 Millionen Tonnen, was einem Rückgang -gegenüber-Jahr-von 2,2 % und einem Anstieg-für-Jahr-gegenüber-im Jahr 2020 entspricht; Die Produktion von Ferrolegierungen betrug 34,76 Millionen Tonnen, ein Jahr-gegenüber- einem Rückgang von 4,4 Prozent, ein Anstieg von 1,7 Prozentpunkten gegenüber dem Vorjahr. Zollstatistiken zeigen, dass die Stahlexporte im Jahr 2021 66,9 Millionen Tonnen betrugen, ein Anstieg von 24,6 % pro Jahr-gegenüber-, und die Importe 14,27 Millionen Tonnen pro Jahr-gegenüber{{ 50}}Jahresrückgang von 29,5 Prozent; Der Import von Eisenerz belief sich auf 1124,32 Millionen Tonnen, was einem Jahr-gegenüber- einem Rückgang von 3,9 Prozent entspricht.
In 2021, the crude steel output of the iron and steel industry was high before and low after, with a cumulative year-on-year decrease. In the first half of 2021, the iron ore price continued to rise, and the oscillation fell in the second half of 2021. In 2021, the steel price fluctuated upward, and the high correction began in the fourth quarter. China's total steel export in 2021 was higher than that in 2020, and fell month by month in the second half of the year. Affected by the overall improvement of the national economy, the rise of global commodity prices and other factors, the benefits of the iron and steel industry showed a trend of high before low in 2021, with the highest benefits in history. Data show that in 2021, China's key large and medium-sized iron and steel enterprises had a cumulative operating income of 6.93 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 32.7 percent ; The total accumulated profit was 352.4 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 59.7 percent , a record high; The sales profit margin reached 5.08 percent , 0.85 percentage points higher than that in 2020.
In 2022, the macro policy requires "stability at the head and seeking progress in stability", and the domestic steel market consumption will maintain a steady growth trend. The relevant person of China Iron and Steel Association pointed out that the raw material price fluctuates at a high level, and the high-cost production trend of steel continues. It is expected that the steel price will be high before and low after 2022, and the average price of ordinary hot-rolled steel will be lower than that in 2021.
A relevant person from China Iron and Steel Association said that the release of China's iron and steel output in 2022 will still be subject to certain constraints. It is expected that China's crude steel output in 2022 will be basically the same as that in 2021. Considering the influence of factors such as peak shifting production in autumn and winter in the first quarter, the annual output may show a trend of low before high.
In 2022, the export volume of steel will decline year-on-year, and the import volume will remain relatively high. China's steel export is expected to drop by about 60000 tons in 2022; The import of steel was about 14.5 million tons, basically unchanged year-on-year. China has established relatively stable billet import channels in Southeast Asia, the Middle East and other regions through international steel production capacity cooperation, which will support China's billet import volume to remain high. It is estimated that China's billet import volume will be about 15 million tons in 2022, an increase of about 9.3 percent over 2021.
Die heimische Stahlmarktnachfrage wird einen stetigen Wachstumstrend beibehalten. Angetrieben von Immobilieninvestitionen und Infrastrukturinvestitionen wird der Rohstahlverbrauch auf dem Inlandsmarkt im Jahr 2022 voraussichtlich etwa 1 Milliarde Tonnen betragen, was einem Anstieg von 1,6 Prozent gegenüber den 990 Millionen Tonnen im Jahr 2021 entspricht.
China's iron and steel production enterprises will still be in the trend of high cost operation. It is estimated that China's steel output in 2022 will be basically the same as that in 2021. With the further recovery of the world economy, overseas steel production will continue to rise and promote the growth of demand for steel raw materials. However, the new output of major international ore suppliers is limited, and the global iron ore supply and demand is generally tight.
To sum up, in 2022, China's steel output will be low before and high after, and the market demand will be high before and low after. The high point of steel price will appear in the first half of the year. The second half of the year is dominated by oscillation adjustment, and the average price of ordinary steel in the whole year will be lower than that in 2021.
